If the names and numbers involving cholesterol confuse you, you’re not alone. In fact, while nearly 17 percent of American women have high cholesterol, many don’t know it. But don’t be overwhelmed—understanding cholesterol is the first step in getting yours under control.
What is cholesterol, and where does it come from?
Cholesterol is a lipid, or fat. Most of the cholesterol in your body comes from…your body. Your liver produces roughly 75 percent of your cholesterol—only 25 percent comes from your diet.
What’s more, there are different types of cholesterol, including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL).
What’s “bad” and “good” cholesterol?
LDL is often called “bad” cholesterol and HDL “good.” The reason for that is a little complicated. Cholesterol travels through your body via the bloodstream. HDL is responsible for carrying cholesterol back to the liver, where it is excreted.
When your blood contains more bad than good cholesterol, LDL particles aren’t carried back out of the bloodstream. Excess LDL can clog your arteries, making them hard—and hardened arteries are a risk factor for heart disease and stroke.
What’s more, you may be genetically predisposed to making too much LDL. If you’re sedentary or eat a high-fat diet, you may also be at risk for high cholesterol. To determine your levels, you’ll need a blood test.
What does a blood test tell me?
A blood test will measure HDL, LDL and triglyceride (another blood fat) levels.
Your test results also show your healthcare provider your total cholesterol level. A level of less than 200 mg/dL is good.
What can I do to keep my cholesterol in check?
First, the American Heart Association recommends that all women age 20 and older have a cholesterol test every five years. You should also eat a balanced diet high in fiber, one that incorporates a variety of fruits and vegetables. Aim to exercise for at least 30 minutes a day. And don’t smoke.
If you have a family history of high cholesterol, or if your test results are poor, you and your healthcare provider should discuss managing your cholesterol. Often this means dietary changes, exercising more or even taking medication. Your treatment plan will depend on many factors—which is why it’s so important to talk with your healthcare provider about cholesterol.
Has it been a while since your last primary care appointment, or do you need a new physician? Call us at 317.565.0565 to request an appointment.
Sources: CDC.gov, Heart.org
